Stoicism and Meditation - A Comparative Study

Zeno of Citium, founder of Stoic school of philosophy
  • Save

Key Takeaways

  1. The Intersection of Stoicism and Meditation: A Path to Mindfulness

  2. What is stoic meditation?
  3. How do I meditate like a Stoic?
  4. What are the benefits of stoicism?
  5. Stoicism and mindfulness
  6. Breathing Exercises for Mindfulness and Meditation
  7. How long should I meditate?
  8. The story of Aelius the sage and the lotus pond.
  9. Conclusion.

The Intersection of Stoicism and Meditation: A Path to Mindfulness

Stoicism and meditation are two ancient practices that have always stood out in the human being’s constant endeavour to elevate his or her life to the next level. Stoicism originated in Greece, founded by Zeno of Citium around 300 BC. Mediation, on the other hand, originated in the East, and the first mention of meditation can be found in the Upanishads, the late Vedic and post-Vedic Sanskrit texts. Meditation is one of the pivotal principles of Buddhism, Jainism, and Hinduism.

Let us delve into the various aspects of these two wonderful philosophies and find answers to the below questions:

  • Why do people embrace stoicism and mindfulness even today?
  • How do stoicism and meditation play a significant role in fostering mindfulness?
  • How can practicing stoicism and meditation help alleviate stress and depression in our everyday lives?

What is Stoic Meditation?

Monk in deep meditation
  • Save
Meditation is enough. Everything else follows on its own.

“Classic Stoic meditation is more an exercise in clear thinking. Clear thinking means that throughout life’s ups and downs, one strives to conceive of things just as they are. One sees things as if through clear glasses, rather than through overly positive rose-colored glasses or overly negative dark ones” (Jeffrey Gaines – https://positivepsychology.com/ 3rd Sep 2020).

Practicing stoic meditation regularly is the mainstay of the philosophy of stoicism. In simple terms, a person who practices stoic meditation will always be examining his thoughts and feelings with objectivity. Whether he had a bad day or a good day, he will always be examining his thoughts, feelings, and actions impartially. By doing so, he can get a clear picture of what happened in the past and his response to what happened in the past, which in turn will help him prepare himself for a much better, ethical response if the same thing happens in the future. If he had a fight with a family member and he responded in a rude manner, stoic meditation enables him to contemplate his actions and will prepare him to act in a calm, positive manner if a similar fight happens in the future. In this way, what he is doing is elevating his life to a new level—he is becoming a calmer, more positive, more impartial, and much better human being.

How do I meditate like a Stoic?

Monk in a deep meditative state amidst the chaos, hustle and bustle of modern life.
  • Save
Distractions are everywhere. Notice what takes your attention, acknowledge it, and then let it go

If you want to practice stoic meditation, please follow the below key steps:

  • Morning contemplation: You can start your day by creating in your mind a clear picture of the various potential challenges that you will have to face on that particular day. Think about them again and again, and mentally prepare yourself to face each of these challenges with equanimity. Please ensure that you are not losing control of yourself. If at any time you feel that you are losing control of your mind, just concentrate on your breath and bring your mind back under control.
  • Practice mindfulness: See to it that throughout the day you are fully present in each moment and action. Put your 100% into whatever you are doing. Don’t let your mind wander into unnecessary thoughts, negative emotions, or fear of what is going to happen in the future. Live in the moment, live in the present, and live a better life.
  • An evening of reflection: At the end of the day, contemplate on your actions on that day. Make it a point that you are impartial. Just think about the areas where you could have behaved like a much better human being. If you helped someone or achieved something on that day, acknowledge and congratulate yourself. On the other hand, if you had an argument with your colleague on that day, put yourself in your colleague’s shoes and think from his perspective. If you feel that the mistake is on your side, just apologize to him the next day. If the mistake is on his side, just let it go.
The Role of Stoicism and Meditation in Alleviating Depression and Stress
Person in deep distress
  • Save
We suffer more in imagination than in reality - Seneca

Stress and depression are two challenges that we all face in our busy everyday lives. However, the positive thing is that we can control and decide how both of these things are affecting our lives if we follow diligently the principles of stoicism and meditation.

There are two things that happen regularly in our lives:

  • Those things that we can control.
  • Those things that are beyond our control.

If we practice stoicism, we will have the supreme ability to accept wholeheartedly those things that are beyond our control. Once we succeed in reaching the level where we are willing to accept those things that are beyond our control, then we will be able to relax and let things happen as they may. This level of acceptance will reduce our stress and anxiety to a considerable extent.

 

When we practice meditation on a regular basis, we develop the quality or state of mindfulness. Mindfulness refers to the quality or state of living in the present moment. Our mind, body, and feelings will be fully focused on what is happening now. This will help us stay fully relaxed, and we will be fully serene in any situation. Mindfulness is proven to improve our cognitive abilities and increase our sense of well-being. It slows brain aging, and it has been proven to help patients with chronic conditions by helping with pain management.

Stoicism and mindfulness
A close-up of a wooden surface with the phrase ‘Be Here Now’ in varied fonts and colors symbolizing the importance of living in the moment.
  • Save
The past is but a memory and the future just a dream; only the present is real

If we observe closely, we will be able to find that the common goal of stoicism and mindfulness is the same: to help everyone live a life of serenity. Stoicism encourages us to observe our thoughts, feelings, and actions with objectivity, without any prejudice. This in turn will help us respond to the challenges of the future in a better way compared to how we responded to them in the past.

Mindfulness helps us to be aware of our surroundings, to live in the present moment, and not worry about future problems, past regrets, or past grudges.

Breathing Exercises for Mindfulness and Meditation

In order to reach the supreme level of living a serene life and remain calm and composed in every situation, we should be able to accept wholeheartedly those things that are beyond our control. Breathing exercises help us develop that ability through regular practice.

 

(a)    4-7-8 Breathing

The 4-7-8 breathing technique is based on Pranayama. It is a simple yet powerful relaxation method that can reduce anxiety and promote better sleep.

 

Infographic describing how to do 4-7-8 breathing
  • Save

(a)    Alternate Nostril Breathing

Nadi Shodhana, or alternate nostril breathing, aims to balance the left and right hemispheres of the brain. Whenever you want to focus or energize, you can use this method.

Infographic describing how to do Nadi Shodhana, or alternate nostril breathing
  • Save
  • Mindful Breathing

“Mindful breathing is a very basic yet powerful mindfulness meditation practice. The idea is simply to focus your attention on your breathing — to its natural rhythm and flow and the way it feels on each inhale and exhale” (www.helpguide.org) The good thing about mindful breathing is that it can be practiced anywhere at any time.

How to do it:

  • Find a quiet and comfortable place. Sit in a chair or on the floor with your head, neck, and back straight but not stiff.
  • Focus on your breath; notice the sensation of the breath as it enters and leaves your nostrils.
  • Pay attention to the way each breath changes and is different.
  • Observe your thoughts, like a child watching rain or a butterfly. If a thought is coming to your mind, don’t try to ignore or suppress it, just let it come. If no thought is coming, then don’t try to bring any new thoughts. Just relax and be an observer of your thoughts.
How long should I meditate?

It is for each person to decide how long he or she should meditate because the effects of meditation varies from one person to another. However, let us try to follow these common guidelines:

  • Aim for a small session as a beginner. Just meditate for 5 to 8 minutes, and then try to gradually increase the time as long as you are comfortable.
  • Be consistent in your efforts. Practice regularly (even if it is for 2 to 3 minutes), on a daily basis if possible.
  • Prioritize quality over quantity. You need to realize that it is better to have a fully focused 5-minute meditation session than a 30-minute session full of distractions.
  • Be fully aware of what is happening to your body. As long as you are fully relaxed and comfortable, you can continue your meditation. Please stop your meditation whenever you feel restless or tired.

Be mindful of the fact that practicing mindfulness requires patience. You need to practice regularly for a long period of time. Don’t expect quick results. Continue to practice any of these exercises, and soon you will be reaching your goal.

The story of the Sage and the Lotus Pond
A stoic sage and a lady in deep meditation beside a lotus pond
  • Save
Remain calm and just be an observer of your thoughts

Aelius the sage, a stoic philosopher, was renowned for his profound wisdom. He was a stoic practitioner who had the ability to remain calm and composed in the most challenging of situations.

One day, while walking outside his village, he came across a secluded lotus pond. The water was clear, and the lotus flowers bloomed beautifully in shades of pink and white. There was peace and tranquillity everywhere. He climbed on top of a small rock, closed his eyes, and started his evening meditation. He was enjoying the silence, and he could feel and even hear his breath as he slowly transcended into deep meditation. A lot of thoughts came to his mind, like water flowing down a valley, but Aelius just observed them with a feeling of detachment, and those thoughts went like passing clouds. 

As he continued his mediation, he realized the presence of a young woman. She was sweeping and had swollen eyes, and Aelius realized that her heart weighed heavily with grief. Upon enquiring, the woman told him that she had lost her husband recently and that ever since despair has taken control of her.

In a trembling voice, she asked Aelius, “Great sage, why does life bring such pain? Why must we suffer?”

Aelius looked at her kind-heartedly. He said, “Life is similar to the lotus pond that you are seeing in front of us. The roots of these lotuses are in dirty, murky waters, but these lotus flowers are always rising for the sky, to reach a higher level, to reach heaven. Their roots are anchored on earth, but they are striving to reach heaven. The same is the case with us. We are also firmly rooted in the murky waters of this world, where there are a lot of hardships, sufferings, egos, destitution, etc., but we should always strive to elevate ourselves to reach heaven. We are anchored firmly in this world, but we should strive to reach higher levels by cultivating higher ideals and thoughts in our minds. There are external events happening to us that are beyond our control. But by practicing stoicism, what we can do is control our response to those specific situations. If a storm is raging around, you can either panic or remain calm like those flowers.”.

The woman was all ears to the great sage, and she asked, “But what about my grief? How can I conquer it?”

“Meditation,” said Aeilus, “is our only refuge. In the same way the lotus draws nourishment from the depths, we should learn to draw wisdom from stillness. Please come, sit by this pond, breathe, and just observe your thoughts. Let the thoughts come and go in your mind like ripples in water. You will be able to find lasting peace and happiness in that stillness.”.

The woman sat beside Aelius, and she closed her eyes. For the first time in her life, she started observing her thoughts. Slowly, she began to have a feeling of stillness in herself, and she started to feel calm and composed.

She came and meditated alongside Aelius the next day, and days turned into weeks. Her grief was still there in her mind, but soon she realized that she could carry it lightly through meditation. She began to practice the same thing again and again, and her mind developed the ability to remain calm and composed in any situation, much like the lotus plants. She realized that wisdom blooms in the quietness of the heart in the same way the lotus blooms in the stillness of the pond.

And Aelius, the great sage, what happened to him? He continued his stoic meditation and was willing to face all the problems that he had to face, remaining calm and composed like those lotuses, because he had achieved the greatest thing that any human being ever managed to achieve – he had conquered his thoughts.

Conclusion

Let us conclude that stoicism and meditation, when practiced together, will certainly make each of us better human beings. We will become cool and composed, and we will become more compassionate to all our fellow beings in this world. Let us try to make this world a better place to live in, by practicing these divine methods that have been handed over to us by our forefathers through many generations.

  • Save

Leave a Comment

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Share via
Copy link